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Temporal coherence sensitivity in auditory cortex.

Dennis L Barbour1, Xiaoqin Wang

  • 1Laboratory of Auditory Neurophysiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. dbarbour@bme.jhu.edu

Journal of Neurophysiology
|November 9, 2002
PubMed
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Auditory cortex neurons can distinguish simultaneous sounds by detecting temporal incoherence, a process likely mediated by inhibitory inputs and potentially involving subcortical processing for natural sound segregation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Perception
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Natural sounds often overlap spectrally, yet humans can perceptually segregate them (e.g., cocktail party effect).
  • Distinct modulations (incoherence) between sound components are crucial for auditory scene analysis, enabling the brain to separate acoustic objects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how neurons in the primary auditory cortex of awake marmoset monkeys process temporal coherence between simultaneously presented sounds.
  • To determine the role of modulation phase sensitivity in auditory stream segregation.

Main Methods:

  • Electrophysiological recordings from primary auditory cortex neurons in awake marmoset monkeys.
  • Presentation of amplitude- or frequency-modulated tones at characteristic frequency (CF) and off-CF, varying relative modulation phase.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of neuronal responses, including suppression and facilitation, in relation to stimulus coherence.

    • Main Results:

    • Many auditory cortex neurons exhibited sensitivity to the relative modulation phase between tones at CF and off-CF.
    • Neuronal suppression was the most common response to coherent modulations.
    • Coherence sensitivity was localized to inhibitory regions of frequency response areas and correlated with inhibitory input frequencies, suggesting a role for inhibition.
    • Sensitivity was strongest for modulation frequencies between 16-128 Hz, exceeding typical cortical phase-locking capabilities.

    Conclusions:

    • Auditory cortical neurons receive temporally matched and unmatched inputs, enabling them to process stimulus coherence.
    • This coherence sensitivity, particularly mediated by inhibition, likely contributes to the auditory system's ability to segregate natural sounds with overlapping spectral content, such as vocalizations.