Experimental autoimmune uveitides: multiple antigens, diverse diseases

Human autoimmune uveitides are diverse and complex. Animal models have been developed for studying the pathogenesis of uveitis because of the difficulties in obtaining tissues from a patient's inflamed eye for experiments. There are animal models for experimental uveitis that provoke inflammation of different tissues of the eye and represent different forms of uveitis. Since inflammatory cells can infiltrate any part of the uvea and spill over to nonuveal tissues, such as retina, various antigens have been used to induce uveitis. Most of those models that represent autoimmune forms of uveitis are induced with proteins specific for photoreceptor cells (S-antigen, IRBP, rhodopsin, recoverin, phosducin). Nonretinal antigens, including melanin-associated proteins and myelin basic protein, are also good inducers of uveitis in animals.