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Impaired substrate oxidation in healthy elderly men after eccentric exercise.

Raj K Krishnan1, William J Evans, John P Kirwan

  • 1Noll Physiological Research Center and The General Clinical Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|November 16, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Older men show reduced carbohydrate oxidation after eccentric exercise, even with normal glucose tolerance. Eccentric exercise impacts substrate metabolism differently in older versus younger adults, with implications for metabolic health.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • The metabolic effects of eccentric exercise in older adults are not well understood.
  • Eccentric exercise, characterized by muscle lengthening, can induce muscle damage and alter substrate metabolism.
  • Aging is associated with changes in metabolic regulation and substrate utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the metabolic response to eccentric exercise in healthy older adults compared to younger adults.
  • To examine substrate metabolism (carbohydrate and lipid oxidation) in basal and hyperglycemic states post-eccentric exercise.
  • To determine if eccentric exercise alters the body's response to hyperglycemia in older men.

Main Methods:

  • Eight healthy, sedentary older men and nine younger men participated.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Indirect calorimetry was used to measure carbohydrate and lipid oxidation (C(ox) and L(ox)).
  • Measurements were taken in basal and sustained hyperglycemic states, under control conditions and 48 hours after eccentric exercise.

    • Main Results:

    • Eccentric exercise induced muscle soreness and increased plasma creatine kinase in both groups.
    • Older men exhibited lower glucose infusion rates during hyperglycemia compared to younger men.
    • Eccentric exercise suppressed carbohydrate oxidation by 20% in older men, while it remained unchanged in younger men. Lipid oxidation increased by 89% in older men post-exercise, contrasting with a 38% reduction in younger men.

    Conclusions:

    • Healthy older men experience a significant reduction in carbohydrate oxidation in response to hyperglycemia following eccentric exercise.
    • Eccentric exercise alters substrate metabolism differently in older versus younger men, with older adults showing suppressed carbohydrate and increased lipid oxidation.
    • These findings suggest age-related impairments in metabolic flexibility after eccentric exercise, even in the absence of obesity or diagnosed glucose intolerance.