[Proliferating mole in menopause imitating choriocarcinoma recurrence--case report]

Area of Science:

• Gynecology
• Oncology
• Reproductive Endocrinology

Context:

• A 50-year-old patient with a history of invasive mole and subsequent choriocarcinoma, successfully treated with chemotherapy.
• The patient achieved 5 years of remission and was 2 years post-menopause.
• A new pregnancy with invasive mole arose, mimicking a choriocarcinoma relapse.

Purpose:

• To report a rare case of a new invasive mole developing after menopause.
• To demonstrate the possibility of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia recurrence in post-menopausal women.
• To highlight the diagnostic challenges in differentiating new molar pregnancies from choriocarcinoma relapse.

Summary:

• A post-menopausal woman, previously treated for choriocarcinoma, developed a new invasive mole during a subsequent pregnancy.
• The new molar pregnancy presented symptoms that initially suggested a relapse of choriocarcinoma.
• This case underscores the potential for new gestational trophoblastic disease development even after menopause and prior successful treatment.

Impact:

• This case expands the understanding of the potential timeline for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia development.
• It emphasizes the need for vigilant monitoring and accurate diagnosis in women with a history of molar disease, regardless of menopausal status.
• Highlights the importance of considering new molar pregnancies in the differential diagnosis of suspected choriocarcinoma relapse in post-menopausal women.