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Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Robust 3D DNA FISH Using Directly Labeled Probes
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Multicolor FISH in two and three dimensions for clastogenic analyses.

Christine Maierhofer1, Isabell Jentsch, Gaby Lederer

  • 1Institut für Humangenetik, Technische Universität München, Trogerstrasse 32, D-81675 München, Germany.

Mutagenesis
|November 19, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Advanced multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques enable precise analysis of chemical effects on chromosomes at the single-cell level. These methods reveal chemical-induced genetic instability and chromosomal aberrations with high resolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Toxicology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Chemicals can cause genetic damage, including chromosomal aberrations and instability.
  • Assessing these effects requires high-resolution, single-cell analysis methods.
  • Recent advancements in molecular cytogenetics have enabled such sophisticated approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest developments in multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technologies.
  • To illustrate how these FISH techniques can be used to study the effects of chemicals on chromosomes.
  • To highlight the application of these methods in understanding chemical-induced genotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for high-resolution genomic analysis.

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3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells
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3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

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3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells
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3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells

Published on: January 25, 2020

  • Applying FISH to both metaphase chromosomes (2D) and interphase nuclei (3D).
  • Leveraging new DNA probe resources derived from the human genome project.

    • Main Results:

    • Multicolor FISH allows whole-genome analysis on metaphase spreads or detailed regional analysis in interphase nuclei.
    • These technologies offer unprecedented resolution for detecting chromosomal aberrations.
    • Various FISH approaches have been developed for comprehensive genomic investigation.

    Conclusions:

    • Multicolor FISH technologies are powerful tools for elucidating the genotoxic effects of chemicals.
    • These methods provide critical insights into chemical-induced chromosomal instability and aberrations.
    • The application of advanced FISH techniques is essential for accurate risk assessment of chemical exposure.