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Heterotopic neo-osteogenesis from vascularized periosteum and bone grafts
Zoe H Dailiana1, George Shiamishis, Dimitra Niokou
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessalia, Larissa, Greece.
Background:
Periosteum is an osteogenic, flexible tissue. This study investigated the osteogenic potential of vascularized periosteal flaps in heterotopic conditions and compared it to the neo-osteogenesis from vascularized periosteal flaps combined with bone grafts with different properties (autologous and xenograft).
Methods:
Vascularized periosteal flaps from the hindlimbs of 48 rabbits formed cylindrical pouches that were buried in muscles. The pouches were filled with autologous bone grafts (P/A group, n = 16), xenograft (P/X group, n = 16), or left empty (P/E group, n = 16). Specimens were harvested between 1 and 4 months and underwent radiographic, histologic, and histomorphometric evaluation.
Results:
The total surface area was larger in the groups combined with bone grafts. Osseous apposition did not differ significantly in the P/A and P/X groups (p > 0.05). The central cavity contained hematopoietic cells (P/A), xenograft (P/X), or was absent (P/E).
Conclusion:
Vascularized periosteal flaps presented strong osteogenic capacity in heterotopic conditions. Combination with bone grafts resulted in larger specimens. The quality of neo-osteogenesis was not influenced by the different properties of combined bone grafts.