[Probiotics based on live cultures of microorganisms]

The modern state of probiotic design and production was discussed in the survey. The worldwide data concerning types of probiotics and their use for restoration of resident microflora of hot-blooded animals and people were systematized. Much attention has been recently paid to the use of the natural preparations to maintain and regenerate the state of the resident microflora of animals and people. These preparations are known as probiotics. The term "probiotic" means microorganisms or substances which are capable to render sanitary effect on macroorganism. I. I. Mechnikov's concept on detoxifications of harmful substances formed in the digestive tract of men by probiotics is expounded. The modern concepts of the probiotics division into groups have been presented. Different kinds of industrial probiotics were considered. The mechanism of positive action of probiotics and their mutual relations with micro- and macroorganisms were provided. The scientific substantiation of new probiotic design was presented.