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[Diabetes and pregnancy].

S Boivin1, H Derdour-Gury, J Perpetue

  • 1Service de Médecine Interne D, Hôpital Pasteur, 39, avenue de la Liberté, 68024 Colmar Cedex, France.

Annales D'Endocrinologie
|November 21, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Diabetes in pregnancy, including gestational diabetes, increases risks for mothers and babies. Early diabetes before pregnancy also raises fetal malformation risks, requiring specialized care.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Perinatology

Context:

  • Pregnancies complicated by pre-existing or gestational diabetes mellitus carry significant maternofetal risks.
  • Maternal hyperglycemia is a key factor, alongside other unidentified contributors, in pregnancy-related diabetes complications.
  • Existing diabetes can exacerbate diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy during pregnancy.

Purpose:

  • To review the risks and management of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy.
  • To highlight the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes and its links to type 2 diabetes.
  • To address the lack of international consensus on screening and diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes.

Summary:

  • Diabetes during pregnancy, whether pre-existing or gestational, elevates maternofetal risks, including fetal malformations if diabetes precedes conception.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Gestational diabetes shares pathophysiological mechanisms with type 2 diabetes, involving insulin resistance and reduced insulin secretion.
  • Management focuses on diet and insulin, with ongoing improvements in scientific understanding and specialized care enhancing outcomes.
  • Impact:

    • Improved understanding of diabetes in pregnancy can lead to better screening and diagnostic protocols.
    • Enhanced medical care and specialized management can mitigate maternofetal risks associated with diabetic pregnancies.
    • Further research into contributing factors beyond hyperglycemia may reveal novel therapeutic targets.