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Updated: Aug 17, 2026

TMS: Using the Theta-Burst Protocol to Explore Mechanism of Plasticity in Individuals with Fragile X Syndrome and Autism
Published on: December 28, 2010
[Sensory integration and fragile X syndrome]
1Fragile-X Treatment and Research Center, The Children's Hospital, Denver, CO 80218, USA. goldson.edward@tchden.org
Insights
Fragile X syndrome, a common inherited intellectual disability, affects 1 in 1,000 births. Many children with fragile X syndrome experience sensory integration issues that significantly impact their learning and behavior.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Pediatrics
Context:
- Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited sex-linked intellectual disability.
- Affects approximately 1 in 1,000 live births, impacting both males and females.
- Associated with physical, cognitive, and behavioral challenges.
Purpose:
- To highlight the prevalence and multifaceted nature of fragile X syndrome.
- To underscore the significant impact of sensory integration disturbances in affected children.
- To inform about the challenges faced by individuals with fragile X syndrome in daily functioning.
Summary:
- Fragile X syndrome, a leading cause of inherited intellectual disability, affects 1 in 1,000 births.
- Beyond common developmental issues, many children exhibit sensory integration dysfunctions.
- These sensory challenges profoundly affect behavior, learning, and community integration.
Impact:
- Increased awareness of fragile X syndrome's complex presentation.
- Emphasis on addressing sensory integration needs for improved outcomes.
- Potential for targeted interventions to enhance quality of life for affected individuals and families.
Abstract:
The fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited sex-linked form of mental retardation. It occurs in approximately 1/1,000 live births and affects both males and females. What is of considerable interest is that a significant number of these children, in addition to a variety of physical, cognitive and behavioral difficulties, also have disturbances of sensory integration function which can, and do, severely effect their behavior and capacity to learn and function in their families and communities.
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Pleiotropy
Sex-linked Disorders
Sex Linked Disorders
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Autism Spectrum Disorder
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Intellectual Disability