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Updated: Sep 28, 2026

Short-Duration Hypothermia Induction in Rats using Models for Studies examining Clinical Relevance and Mechanisms
Published on: March 3, 2021
Pathophysiology of accidental hypothermia
1Medical Assessment Unit, Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK. mark.mallet@ruh-bath.swest.nhs.uk
Abstract:
Accidental hypothermia is an uncommon problem that affects people of all ages, but particularly the elderly. This review briefly outlines the aetiological factors that may predispose to hypothermia, with particular reference to the effects of sepsis, although the specific situation of cold-water immersion is not addressed. A more detailed analysis of the pathophysiology of hypothermia then examines the cardiovascular, haematological, neurological, respiratory, renal, metabolic, and gastrointestinal systems. Clinically relevant findings are highlighted and some associated management points are related to the physiological changes. Most of these changes are reversible on rewarming, and are resistant to pharmacological manipulation; some of the pathological effects are related more to the process of rewarming than to the hypothermia itself.
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