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Fanconi syndrome and renal failure induced by tenofovir: a first case report
David Verhelst1, Matthieu Monge, Jean-Luc Meynard
1Department of Nephrology, Hôpital Tenon (AP-HP), Paris, France. verhelsttenon@yahoo.fr
Abstract:
Although nephrotoxicity of cidofovir and adefovir is well established, no renal side effects have been observed yet with tenofovir, which is the third member of this family. The authors report the case of a patient who had Fanconi syndrome, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and acute renal failure during treatment with tenofovir, a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor that recently has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Insights
Tenofovir, a human immunodeficiency virus treatment, can cause kidney damage. A patient developed Fanconi syndrome, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and acute renal failure while taking tenofovir.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Virology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Cidofovir and adefovir, nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors, are known to cause nephrotoxicity.
- Tenofovir, a newer agent in this drug class, was initially believed to lack renal side effects.
Observation:
- A case study documented a patient experiencing adverse renal events during tenofovir therapy.
- The patient presented with Fanconi syndrome, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and acute renal failure.
Findings:
- Tenofovir treatment was associated with the development of severe renal complications.
- This case challenges the previous understanding of tenofovir's renal safety profile.
Implications:
- Clinicians should monitor patients for renal dysfunction during tenofovir treatment.
- Further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms and prevalence of tenofovir-induced nephrotoxicity.