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Pemphigus foliaceus in a goat.

Ersilia Pappalardo1, Francesca Abramo, Chiara Noli

  • 1Studio Dermatologico Veterinario, Milan, Italy.

Veterinary Dermatology
|December 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary

A goat with chronic dermatitis was diagnosed with pemphigus foliaceus and a concurrent lice infestation. Treatment involved ivermectin for lice and corticosteroids for the autoimmune skin condition, leading to remission.

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Professor Ton Willemse.

Veterinary dermatology·2025

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Dermatology
  • Immunopathology
  • Small Ruminant Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic dermatitis in goats can be challenging to diagnose and treat.
  • Pemphigus foliaceus is a rare autoimmune blistering disease affecting the skin.
  • Concurrent parasitic infestations can complicate dermatological presentations.

Observation:

  • A 7-year-old goat presented with chronic dermatitis, alopecia, pustules, and crusts.
  • Dermatophyte and bacterial cultures were negative, but lice (Damalinia caprae) were identified.
  • Cytology revealed nondegenerate neutrophils and acantholytic keratinocytes; histology showed intracorneal pustules and superficial dermatitis.

Findings:

  • Immunohistochemistry confirmed intercellular IgG deposits in the spinous layer, indicative of pemphigus foliaceus.
  • Successful treatment of lice with ivermectin was achieved.
  • Long-term injectable corticosteroid therapy resulted in dermatitis remission.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of thorough dermatological workup in goats, including cytology and histopathology.
  • It is the first report detailing the cytological findings of intact pustules in caprine pemphigus foliaceus.
  • The study underscores the potential for autoimmune skin diseases in small ruminants and effective therapeutic strategies.

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