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[Hashimoto's encephalopathy].

A Arés Luque1, M D Ballesteros Pomar, L Hernández Echebarría

  • 1Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de León, España.

Neurologia (Barcelona, Spain)
|December 19, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Hashimoto's encephalopathy involves neurological symptoms despite normal thyroid hormone levels in autoimmune thyroiditis. This condition, linked to autoimmune brain dysfunction, presents in distinct clinical types and often shows cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Context:

  • Hashimoto's autoimmune thyroiditis is a common endocrine disorder.
  • Neurological complications of thyroid dysfunction are recognized.
  • Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) presents neurological issues with normal thyroid function.

Purpose:

  • To describe Hashimoto's encephalopathy, a rare neurological condition.
  • To outline the clinical presentations, pathogenesis, and management of HE.

Summary:

  • HE is associated with autoimmune thyroiditis but occurs with normal thyroid hormone levels.
  • It manifests as vasculitic (stroke-like episodes) or diffuse-progressive (cognitive decline, psychosis) types.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid analysis reveals abnormalities in over 80% of cases, including elevated protein and mononuclear pleocytosis.

Impact:

  • Highlights a distinct neurological syndrome associated with autoimmune thyroid disease.
  • Emphasizes the importance of considering autoimmune cerebral dysfunction in unexplained neurological symptoms.
  • Suggests steroids as the primary treatment, with potential for spontaneous or thyroxine-induced improvement.

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