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Cyanotic child--can it be methaemoglobinemia?
Rakesh K Mondal1, Umang Mann, Mamta Sharma
1Department of Pediatrics, Deen Dayal Upadhaya Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|December 31, 2002
Summary
Methaemoglobinemia, a rare condition, can cause cyanosis. This case highlights antimalarial-induced methaemoglobinemia, worsened by glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, managed conservatively with vitamin C.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Medicine
- Pharmacology
- Genetics
Background:
- Methaemoglobinemia is a rare hematologic disorder characterized by elevated levels of methemoglobin.
- It can lead to cyanosis and hypoxia, presenting diagnostic challenges in emergency settings.
- Antimalarial drugs are known potential inducers of methaemoglobinemia.
Observation:
- A patient presented to the emergency department with central and peripheral cyanosis.
- The patient had no significant cardio-respiratory compromise.
- A history of recent antimalarial drug administration was noted.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with methaemoglobinemia.
- The condition was attributed to antimalarial drug exposure.
- Concomitant glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency was identified as a precipitating factor for cyanosis.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering drug-induced methaemoglobinemia in patients with unexplained cyanosis.
- Concurrent G6PD deficiency can exacerbate the severity and presentation of methaemoglobinemia.
- Conservative management and vitamin C administration can be effective treatment strategies.