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Related Experiment Videos

Factors determining percutaneous metal absorption.

J J Hostynek1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, UCSF School of Medicine, Box 0989, 90 Medical Centre Way, SURGE 110, San Francisco, CA 94143-0989, USA. jurijj@hotmail.com

Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
|December 31, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Understanding metal penetration through skin remains incomplete. Chemical speciation and skin variability significantly impact metal absorption, necessitating individual assessment for each metal.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Dermatology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Metals are essential for physiological processes in humans, animals, and plants.
  • Research on metal skin penetration is ongoing but limited by incomplete understanding.
  • The chemical speciation of metals, particularly transition metals, is a critical, often overlooked factor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review factors influencing metal permeation through the skin.
  • To highlight the challenges in predicting metal skin penetration quantitatively.
  • To differentiate between exogenous and endogenous factors affecting metal absorption.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature and investigator observations.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to skin variability (in vivo homeostasis, in vitro artifacts).

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  • Separation of exogenous (metal speciation) and endogenous (skin characteristics) influences.

    • Main Results:

    • Current models fail to establish predictive quantitative structure-diffusion relationships for metals.
    • Skin penetration varies significantly based on the metal's chemical form (speciation).
    • Both in vivo and in vitro methods have limitations in accurately assessing metal skin penetration.

    Conclusions:

    • Metal skin penetration cannot be generalized and requires specific evaluation for each metal species.
    • Accounting for chemical speciation and inherent skin variability is crucial for accurate risk assessment.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the complex mechanisms of metal dermal absorption.