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Cardiac disease in the geriatric horse
1University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, 225 Veterinary Teaching Hospitals, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. sagex004@umn.edu
The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|January 9, 2003
Abstract:
Almost all equine cardiac diseases may affect the geriatric horse. This article focuses on those cardiac diseases that are most common in the older horse, including degenerative valve disease, aortocardiac fistula, and congestive heart failure. Other cardiac diseases, such as bacterial endocarditis, pericarditis, and arrhythmias, are seen in all age groups of horses and are beyond the scope of this article.