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Vitamin D and bone.

Tatsuo Suda1, Yutaka Ueno, Katsuyuki Fujii

  • 1Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical School, Saitama 350-1241, Japan. tasuda@saitama-med.ac.jp

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
|January 10, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Physiological doses of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3)] suppress parathyroid hormone-induced bone resorption. Supraphysiological doses, however, increase bone resorption, suggesting vitamin D

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Supraphysiological doses of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3)] are known to stimulate bone resorption.
  • Osteoblasts express RANKL, which supports osteoclast differentiation, a key process in bone resorption.
  • Osteoclast precursors express RANK, interacting with RANKL on osteoblasts for differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of physiological versus supraphysiological doses of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) on bone resorption in vivo.
  • To determine the impact of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) on the expression of RANKL and cathepsin K mRNA in the context of parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulation.

Main Methods:

  • Administration of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) to thyroparathyroidectomized (TPTX) rats infused with PTH.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Daily oral administration for 14 days.
  • Measurement of RANKL and cathepsin K mRNA expression in bone.

    • Main Results:

    • Physiological doses of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) inhibited PTH-induced RANKL and cathepsin K mRNA expression.
    • Supraphysiological doses of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) increased serum calcium and RANKL expression in the presence of PTH.
    • Bone resorption activity of vitamin D was not observed at physiological dose levels in vivo.

    Conclusions:

    • Physiological doses of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) can suppress PTH-induced bone resorption.
    • Supraphysiological doses of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) exhibit bone-resorbing activity.
    • 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) and its derivatives may be beneficial for treating metabolic bone diseases like osteoporosis.