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Reductive genome evolution in Buchnera aphidicola.

Roeland C H J van Ham1, Judith Kamerbeek, Carmen Palacios

  • 1Centro de Astrobiologia, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Carretera de Ajalvir kilómetro 4, 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|January 11, 2003
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

The genome of the aphid symbiont Buchnera aphidicola was sequenced, revealing ancient gene order conservation and ongoing genome reduction. This provides insights into the evolution of bacterial symbiosis and long-term evolutionary fate.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Microbial Ecology

Background:

  • Buchnera aphidicola is an obligate intracellular symbiont of aphids.
  • Previous sequencing of Buchnera strains has provided insights into genome evolution in symbiosis.
  • Understanding the genomic features of Buchnera is crucial for comprehending host-symbiont interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To sequence and analyze the genome of Buchnera aphidicola from the aphid Baizongia pistacea.
  • To investigate intrapopulational variation within Buchnera.
  • To compare genomic features with previously sequenced Buchnera strains and infer evolutionary history.

Main Methods:

  • Genome sequencing of Buchnera aphidicola from field-collected Baizongia pistacea.
  • Bioinformatic analysis of the genome, including identification of polymorphic sites and gene order conservation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparative genomics with other Buchnera strains.
  • Computational study of protein folding efficiency.

    • Main Results:

    • The 618-kb genome of Buchnera aphidicola from Baizongia pistacea was sequenced.
    • Approximately 1,200 polymorphic sites were identified, indicating intrapopulational variation.
    • Nearly perfect gene-order conservation was observed, suggesting genomic stasis began around 200 million years ago.
    • Gene loss continues at a slower rate in extant lineages.
    • Buchnera proteins exhibit lower folding efficiency compared to free-living bacteria.

    Conclusions:

    • Genomic stasis in Buchnera coincided with the establishment of symbiosis with aphids.
    • Genome reduction predates host diversification but continues at a reduced rate.
    • Degenerative genomic features in Buchnera may be influenced by compensatory processes.
    • The study provides insights into the long-term evolutionary trajectory of obligate bacterial symbionts.