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[Pancreatic beta-cell neogenesis and regeneration]
Objective:
To review the literature on beta-cell neogenesis and regeneration, with special interest in substances that regulate such processes.
Design:
Representative papers were selected through a computer MEDLINE search from 1990 to 2000.
Results:
Several studies showed that once islets of Langerhans developed from small pancreatic ducts, this process did not continue in normal adult individuals. However, it has been published that new beta-cell formation can occur in vivo in certain experimental models through neogenesis, in which gene pax 4 is extremely important. On the other hand, substances that stimulate the regenerative process of beta-cells include glucose, several hormones and certain growth factors.
Conclusions:
Substances that stimulate the regenerative process commonly express this effect in elevated, non-physiologic concentrations; thus, their possible therapeutic importance is not yet clear. Nevertheless, the Reg protein, present in regenerative pancreas and implied in neogenesis process, has actual possibilities of becoming therapeutically important.