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Resistant Starch Consumption Effects on Glycemic Control and Glycemic Variability in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A
Yolanda Arias-Córdova1, Jorge Luis Ble-Castillo1, Carlos García-Vázquez1
1Centro de Investigación, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud (DACS), Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86150, Mexico.
Resistant starch (RS) from native banana starch (NBS) and high-amylose maize starch (HMS) did not improve glycemic control or variability in type 2 diabetes patients. Further research is needed to explore longer-term effects and influencing factors.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Metabolic Health
- Dietary Fiber Research
Background:
- Previous studies indicated native banana starch (NBS) with high resistant starch (RS) content positively impacts glycemic response.
- Resistant starch is a type of dietary fiber known for its potential health benefits, including effects on blood glucose levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of NBS and high-amylose maize starch (HMS) on glycemic control (GC) and glycemic variability (GV) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
- To compare these effects when the digestible starch content of the starches was standardized.
Main Methods:
- A randomized, crossover study involving 17 participants (aged 28-65 years, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) with T2D.
- Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was utilized over 4 days for each treatment group (HMS, NBS, or digestible maize starch - DMS).
Main Results:
- Both HMS and NBS led to an increase in 24-hour mean blood glucose levels on days 2 to 4 compared to baseline (p < 0.05).
- Glycemic variability indices (CONGA, GRADE, J-index) were higher with HMS compared to DMS on day 4 (p < 0.05).
- NBS intake resulted in a reduction in fasting glycemia changes from baseline compared to DMS (p = 0.0074).
Conclusions:
- Under the study conditions, RS from NBS and HMS did not demonstrate improvements in glycemic control or variability in T2D patients.
- Longer-term studies are recommended to ascertain if findings are influenced by baseline microbiota or other environmental factors.
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