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Vaccines for preventing malaria.

P Graves1, H Gelband

  • 11400 W. Oak Street, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA. patriciagraves@attglobal.net

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|January 22, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Malaria vaccines SPf66, CS-NANP, RTS,S, and MSP/RESA were evaluated. SPf66 showed limited efficacy in Africa, while RTS,S demonstrated promising results against Plasmodium falciparum. Further research is warranted for SPf66 and MSP/RESA vaccines.

Area of Science:

  • Malaria vaccine research and development
  • Infectious disease control
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Four malaria vaccines, SPf66 and MSP/RESA (targeting asexual stages) and CS-NANP and RTS,S (targeting sporozoite stages), have undergone randomized controlled trials.
  • These vaccines aim to prevent malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, and P. ovale.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically assess the efficacy of malaria vaccines in preventing Plasmodium infection, disease, and death.
  • To evaluate four specific malaria vaccine candidates: SPf66, MSP/RESA, CS-NANP, and RTS,S.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive search of multiple databases (Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index) and reference lists was conducted.
  • Included randomized controlled trials compared malaria vaccines against placebo or routine antimalarial measures.

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  • Two independent reviewers assessed trial quality and extracted data.

    • Main Results:

    • SPf66 vaccine showed heterogeneous results; ineffective in African trials but reduced malaria attacks outside Africa.
    • CS-NANP vaccines provided no significant protection against P. falciparum malaria.
    • RTS,S vaccine demonstrated strong protection in a small trial and 66% efficacy against clinical malaria in the Gambia; MSP/RESA showed no protection against clinical malaria but affected parasite density.

    Conclusions:

    • SPf66 vaccines offer no protection in Africa but a modest reduction in malaria attacks elsewhere; further research may be justified.
    • Insufficient evidence exists to evaluate CS-NANP vaccines.
    • RTS,S vaccine shows promise, and MSP/RESA requires formulation adjustments; chemotherapy during trials can impact vaccine efficacy.