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Physiologic aspects of lymphatic contractile function: current perspectives.

Anatoliy A Gashev1

  • 1Department of Medical Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843-1114, USA. gashev@tamu.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|January 25, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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The lymphatic system uses passive and active pumps to move lymph. Human lymphatic pumps show regional differences in function, possibly due to upright posture, impacting lymph transport and disease understanding.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Lymphatic System Research

Background:

  • The lymphatic system is crucial for fluid balance, lipid absorption, and immunity.
  • It is implicated in diseases such as inflammation, cancer metastasis, and lymphedema.
  • Lymph transport relies on both extrinsic (passive) and intrinsic (active) forces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of lymph transport.
  • To explore the interplay between passive and active lymph pumps.
  • To identify potential regional differences in human lymphatic pump function.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of forces driving centripetal lymph flow, including passive factors (e.g., arterial pulsations, muscle contractions) and active factors (lymphangion contractions).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of hydrodynamic factors like transmural pressure modulating lymphangion pacemaking.
  • Comparative analysis of lymphatic vessel sensitivity in different tissues (e.g., thoracic duct, mesenteric lymphatics).

    • Main Results:

    • Lymphangions can generate negative intraluminal pressures, creating a suction effect.
    • Passive and active lymph pumps can cooperate or exhibit flow-mediated inhibition.
    • Significant differences in pressure and flow sensitivities were observed between lymphatic vessels from different tissues.

    Conclusions:

    • Human active lymph pumps may exhibit greater regional functional variations than observed in animals.
    • Upright posture in humans may introduce additional outflow resistance, particularly in lower body lymphatics.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate human lymph transport physiology and its role in disease.