Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 27, 2026

A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species
Published on: August 16, 2018
Sonolysis of metal beta-diketonates in alkanes
S I Nikitenko1, Ph Moisy, A F Seliverstov
1Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 31, 117915, Moscow, Russia. nikitenko@ipc.rssi.ru
Abstract:
The kinetics of metal beta-diketonates sonolysis was studied in hexadecane solutions using a UV/VIS spectrophotometric technique. The following complexes were prepared and studied: Cu(HFAA)(2), Cu(DPM)(2), Fe(ACAC)(3), Ni(DPM)(2), Er(DPM)(3), Nd(DPM)(3), Th(DPM)(4), UO(2)(BTFA)(2).TOPO, and Np(HFAA)(4), where HHFAA is hexafluoroacetylacetone, HDPM is dipivaloylmethane, HACAC is acetylacetone, HBTFA is benzoyltrifluoroacetone, and TOPO is trioctylphosphine oxide. Sonolysis was performed under the following conditions: ultrasonic frequency 22 kHz, intensity of ultrasound 3-5 Wcm(-2), temperature 70-92 degrees C, Ar atmosphere. The kinetic behavior of the studied complexes are interpreted using a two-site model of the sonochemical processes. In the case of metal beta-diketonates with high vapor pressure the sonochemical reactions tend to occur in the gaseous phase of the cavitating bubbles. The sonolysis of less volatile complexes first occur in the liquid reaction zone surrounding the bubbles. Sonication of the studied complexes results in the formation of X-ray amorphous products consisted of a mixture of metal beta-diketonates partial degradation products. Heating of as-prepared sonication products in air yields nanocrystalline oxides of corresponding metals.
More Related Videos
10:18Extraction of Lignin with High β-O-4 Content by Mild Ethanol Extraction and Its Effect on the Depolymerization Yield
Published on: January 7, 2019
09:10Experimental Protocol for Biodiesel Production with Isolation of Alkenones as Coproducts from Commercial Isochrysis Algal Biomass
Published on: June 24, 2016
Related Concept Videos
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes
Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis
Aldehydes and Ketones with Water: Hydrate Formation
The formation of hydrates is a reversible reaction. Hydrate formation is influenced by steric and electronic factors accompanying the alkyl substituents on the carbonyl group: The rate of hydrate formation increases with a decrease in the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbonyl carbon. Hence,...
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.