Related Experiment Videos

Neonatal tuberculosis associated with shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, hemophagocytic syndrome, and

Chusak Okascharoen1, Pracha Nuntnarumit, Sayomporn Sirinavin

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|January 31, 2003
PubMed

Insights

A female infant with disseminated tuberculosis developed sepsis and DIC. Treatment with parenteral ofloxacin and streptomycin managed the condition and rare complications.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Disseminated tuberculosis in neonates is rare but severe.
  • Early diagnosis and prompt management are crucial for survival.
  • Neonatal sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) present significant challenges.

Observation:

  • A female infant presented with clinical sepsis and DIC at 14 days of age.
  • Parenteral antibiotics were administered due to unavailability of enteral routes and specific IV medications.
  • Rare complications were observed during treatment.

Findings:

  • Successful management of disseminated tuberculosis in a neonate using parenteral ofloxacin and streptomycin.
  • Identification and successful treatment of infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (IAHS).
  • Management of hypercalcemia and adrenal insufficiency in the affected infant.

Implications:

  • Highlights the potential efficacy of alternative antibiotic regimens in neonatal disseminated tuberculosis when standard treatments are unavailable.
  • Emphasizes the importance of monitoring for and managing rare complications like IAHS, hypercalcemia, and adrenal insufficiency in critically ill neonates.
  • Provides insights into the complex clinical presentation and management of neonatal disseminated tuberculosis.

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...