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Resonant second-order nonlinear optical processes in quantum cascade lasers.

Nina Owschimikow1, Claire Gmachl, Alexey Belyanin

  • 1Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|February 7, 2003
PubMed
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This study shows efficient nonlinear optical processes within a quantum cascade laser. The device generates new wavelengths through sum-frequency and second-harmonic generation, matching theoretical predictions.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Semiconductor lasers
  • Nonlinear optics

Background:

  • Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are semiconductor lasers with unique wavelength tunability.
  • Intracavity nonlinear optics enables efficient frequency conversion within a laser cavity.
  • Developing compact, efficient sources for mid-infrared (MIR) light is crucial for spectroscopy and sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate efficient intracavity nonlinear frequency generation in a tailored quantum cascade laser.
  • To investigate sum-frequency generation (SFG) and second-harmonic generation (SHG) in a two-wavelength QCL.
  • To validate experimental results with theoretical calculations.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a two-wavelength quantum cascade laser emitting at 7.1 and 9.5 micrometers.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilizing cascaded resonant optical intersubband transitions for nonlinear interactions.
  • Implementing an intracavity configuration for enhanced sum-frequency and second-harmonic generation.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved sum-frequency generation (SFG) at 4.1 micrometers and second-harmonic generation (SHG) at 3.6 and 4.7 micrometers.
    • Observed 30 nW of SFG signal and 10-15 nW of SHG signal for laser peak optical powers of 60-80 mW.
    • Experimental results showed good agreement with theoretical predictions.

    Conclusions:

    • The demonstrated intracavity nonlinear interaction is an efficient method for frequency conversion in quantum cascade lasers.
    • This approach provides a pathway for developing compact, tunable sources in the mid-infrared.
    • The findings support the potential of QCLs for advanced spectroscopic and sensing applications.