Interband phase modes and nonequilibrium soliton structures in two-gap superconductors

Area of Science:

• Condensed Matter Physics
• Superconductivity Theory

Background:

• Superconductors exhibit complex behavior under current flow.
• The nature of the superconducting order parameter is crucial for understanding these phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

• To predict and describe a new dynamic state in current-carrying superconductors.
• To investigate the effects of exceeding critical current density on superconductor behavior.
• To propose experimental methods for probing the multicomponent nature of the superconducting order parameter.

Main Methods:

• Theoretical prediction of a dynamic state in superconductors.
• Analysis of interband breakdown due to nonequilibrium quasiparticles.
• Modeling of electric field penetration and resulting soliton phase textures.

Main Results:

• A new dynamic state is predicted for current-carrying superconductors with multicomponent order parameters.
• Exceeding critical current density (J(t)) induces interband breakdown via charge imbalance.
• The electric field generates static/dynamic soliton phases and voltage oscillations.

Conclusions:

• The predicted effects offer a pathway to experimentally probe the multicomponent nature of superconducting order parameters.
• This research expands the understanding of nonequilibrium phenomena in superconductors.
• The findings suggest new avenues for controlling and utilizing superconducting states.