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Traditionally-used antimalarials from the Meliaceae.

S Omar1, J Zhang, S MacKinnon

  • 1Ottawa-Carleton Institute of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
|February 7, 2003
PubMed
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Ethnobotany identified Lansium domesticum as an antimalarial source. Further research improved gedunin from medicinal plants for better in vivo antimalarial activity, showing potential for new drug development.

Area of Science:

  • Ethnobotany
  • Pharmacology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Traditional medicine practices offer potential sources for novel antimalarial compounds.
  • The Meliaceae family is recognized for its diverse phytochemicals with medicinal properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore ethnobotanical data for antimalarial drug discovery.
  • To isolate and characterize active compounds from identified medicinal plants.
  • To optimize the in vivo efficacy of promising antimalarial agents.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative ethnobotanical surveys were conducted.
  • Antimalarial compounds were isolated from Lansium domesticum bark.
  • In vitro Plasmodium falciparum and in vivo P. berghei models were used for bioassays.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Gedunin derivatives were synthesized and tested for efficacy.

    • Main Results:

    • Triterpenoid lansiolides from L. domesticum exhibited antimalarial activity.
    • Gedunin showed significant in vitro activity but limited in vivo efficacy.
    • Formulation improvements, chemical modification (7-methoxygedunin), and synergistic combinations enhanced gedunin's in vivo performance.

    Conclusions:

    • Lansium domesticum is a valuable source for antimalarial drug discovery.
    • Gedunin and its derivatives demonstrate potential for developing effective antimalarial phytomedicines.
    • Combining ethnobotanical knowledge with pharmacological research accelerates the identification of novel therapeutic agents.