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Adiabatic RARE imaging.

Robin A de Graaf1, Douglas L Rothman, Kevin L Behar

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Magnetic Resonance Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8043, USA. robin.degraa@yale.edu

NMR in Biomedicine
|February 11, 2003
PubMed
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Ultra-fast spin-echo (RARE) imaging at 7 Tesla provides high-quality anatomical images despite RF challenges. This technique enables quantitative mapping of T(1) relaxation and blood flow changes in rat brains.

Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Neuroimaging
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Implementing ultra-fast spin-echo (RARE) imaging at 7 Tesla presents challenges due to radiofrequency (RF) inhomogeneities.
  • Short T(2) relaxation times in biological tissues at high magnetic fields necessitate optimized k-space acquisition strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the practical implementation of RARE imaging at 7 T using adiabatic RF pulses and surface coil transmission.
  • To evaluate the quality and utility of RARE imaging for anatomical and functional neuroimaging in rats at 7 T.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized adiabatic 180-degree BIR-4 refocusing pulses and surface coil transmission for RARE imaging at 7 T.
  • Employed an internal phase-cycle to eliminate unwanted coherences and addressed T(2) relaxation effects with centric k-space coverage and interleaved sampling.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Acquired k-space data in four segments to generate anatomical images.

    • Main Results:

    • Adiabatic pulses ensured optimal sensitivity and minimized artifacts despite significant RF inhomogeneities.
    • Centric k-space coverage and interleaved sampling effectively counteracted signal loss and blurring due to short T(2) relaxation times.
    • High-quality anatomical images comparable to conventional spin-echo were achieved with a two-scan RARE implementation.
    • Demonstrated quantitative mapping of T(1) relaxation and cerebral blood flow changes during functional activation.

    Conclusions:

    • RARE imaging with adiabatic pulses is a feasible and effective technique for high-resolution neuroimaging at 7 T.
    • The described methods overcome key challenges, enabling sensitive and artifact-minimized imaging.
    • This approach provides sufficient spatial and temporal resolution for various neuroimaging applications, including functional studies.