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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by t(8;14)(q11.2;q32)
Sarah Moore1, Jeffrey Suttle, Sharon Bain
1SA Cancer Cytogenetics Unit, Division of Hematology, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, Australia. sarah.moore@imvs.sa.gov.au
Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics
|February 13, 2003
Summary
The t(8;14) translocation is an uncommon finding in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This study analyzes 29 cases, revealing a pre-B immunophenotype and good remission rates, suggesting it may not be a poor prognostic indicator.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Cytogenetics
- Oncology
Background:
- The t(8;14)(q11.2;q32) translocation is an uncommon but recurrent finding in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
- Limited data exists on the prognostic significance of this specific cytogenetic abnormality in ALL.
- This study aims to consolidate existing data and present new cases to better understand the characteristics and outcomes of ALL with t(8;14).
Observation:
- Three new pediatric and adult ALL cases with t(8;14)(q11.2;q32) are presented, alongside a review of 26 previously reported cases.
- The cohort comprises 29 patients with a mean age of 14 years, predominantly male (19:9 ratio).
- A significant proportion (approximately one-third) of patients have Down syndrome, and many exhibit additional cytogenetic abnormalities.
Findings:
- The majority of t(8;14) ALL cases (23/29) present with a pre-B immunophenotype.
- Complete remission after induction chemotherapy is achieved in most patients (24/24).
- Early relapse (within 6 months) is not a common feature, and IgH locus rearrangement is consistently observed.
Implications:
- The t(8;14) translocation in ALL, despite its rarity, appears associated with a pre-B immunophenotype and favorable treatment response.
- The presence of Down syndrome and additional cytogenetic abnormalities warrants further investigation in the context of t(8;14) ALL.
- This cytogenetic finding may not confer a poor prognosis, contrary to some other ALL translocations, but requires continued study for definitive prognostic assessment.