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Physical performance measures in the clinical setting.

Stephanie Studenski1, Subashan Perera, Dennis Wallace

  • 1Center on Aging, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA. studenskis@msx.dept-med.pitt.edu

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
|February 18, 2003
PubMed
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Simple physical performance tests, including gait speed, can predict hospitalization and functional decline in older adults. These measures are valuable screening tools for primary care settings.

Area of Science:

  • Geriatrics
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Clinical Epidemiology

Background:

  • Older adults are at high risk for adverse health outcomes like hospitalization and functional decline.
  • Predictive tools are needed in primary care to identify at-risk individuals early.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate gait speed and a lower extremity performance battery for predicting 12-month hospitalization, health decline, and functional decline.
  • To assess these measures in primary care settings for older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 487 adults aged 65+ in Medicare HMO and VA primary care.
  • Measured gait speed, chair stands, and tandem balance (EPESE battery), demographics, health status, and functional status.
  • Assessed predictive ability for hospitalization, decline in health, and function over 12 months.

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Main Results:

  • Gait speed and the EPESE battery significantly predicted hospitalization (P <.0001).
  • Slow gait speed (<0.6 m/s) was associated with higher hospitalization rates (41%).
  • Performance measures were superior to self-report measures in predicting outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Gait speed and physical performance batteries are effective, brief predictors of adverse outcomes in older adults.
  • These measures can serve as accessible "vital signs" for screening in clinical practice.