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Related Concept Videos

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview

Neutral hydrocarbons like cyclopentadiene with an odd number of carbon atoms and one intervening CH2 group in the ring are not aromatic. Cyclopentadiene with 4 π electrons does not satisfy the 4n + 2 π electron rule. Additionally, the intervening CH2 group is sp3 hybridized and lacks a vacant p orbital, thereby interrupting the overlap of p orbitals in a continuous manner and preventing the delocalization of π electrons throughout the ring.
Due to the absence of continuous overlap of p...
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Friedel–Crafts Acylation of Benzene01:11

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Friedel–Crafts Acylation of Benzene

The Friedel–Crafts acylation reactions involve the addition of an acyl group to an aromatic ring. These reactions proceed via electrophilic aromatic substitution by employing an acyl chloride and a Lewis acid catalyst such as aluminum chloride to form aryl ketone.
Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling01:11

Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling

The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the para position.
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
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[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Allyl Vinyl Ethers: Claisen Rearrangement

The Claisen rearrangement is a [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of allyl vinyl ethers to unsaturated carbonyl compounds. The rearrangement is a concerted pericyclic reaction proceeding via a chair-like transition state.

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Updated: Jul 21, 2026

Microwave-assisted Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reactions for the Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes/Solvatochromic Dyes
12:07

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Published on: April 1, 2013

(Tl[Au(C(6)Cl(5))(2)])(n): A vapochromic complex.

Eduardo J Fernández1, José M López-De-Luzuriaga, Miguel Monge

  • 1Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Grupo de Síntesis Química de La Rioja, UA-CSIC, Madre de Dios 51, E-26004 Logroño, Spain.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 20, 2003
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals a novel polymer chain structure, (Tl[Au(C(6)Cl(5))(2)])(n), exhibiting reversible vapochromic luminescence. Its porous channels can host various solvents, enabling dynamic spectral responses to organic vapors.

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Preparation of Monodomain Liquid Crystal Elastomers and Liquid Crystal Elastomer Nanocomposites

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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • 1-D coordination polymers offer unique structural and functional properties.
  • Thallium and gold complexes are explored for their luminescence and host-guest capabilities.
  • Vapochromism, the change in optical properties upon vapor adsorption, is a key phenomenon in smart materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize the 1-D polymer chain complex (Tl[Au(C(6)Cl(5))(2)])(n).
  • To investigate the crystal structure and porous nature of the complex.
  • To explore the vapochromic and luminescent properties of the complex in response to organic vapors.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray crystallography was used to determine the 1-D polymer structure and channel dimensions.
  • Solid-state luminescence spectroscopy (UV-Vis absorption and emission) was employed.
  • Exposure of the solid complex to various organic vapors was performed to observe spectral changes.

Main Results:

  • The crystal structure revealed 1-D linear polymer chains with parallel channels (diameters up to 10.471 A).
  • The complex exhibits reversible vapochromic behavior in both emission and absorption spectra upon exposure to organic vapors.
  • Luminescence was observed at room temperature and 77 K, with UV excitation at 495 nm leading to emission at 531 nm.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized thallium-gold complex forms a porous 1-D polymer with potential for host-guest chemistry.
  • The observed vapochromic luminescence demonstrates its sensitivity to organic vapors, suggesting applications in sensing.
  • The material's luminescence and reversible spectral changes highlight its utility in developing responsive materials.