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An extravascular left ventricular assist device.

I Kiso, C A Baechler, O Hamada

    The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
    |March 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study evaluated a pneumatic circulatory assist device in dogs, finding it improved cardiac output and coronary flow but caused localized aortic wall necrosis. Long-term efficacy requires further investigation.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Cardiovascular Research
    • Medical Devices

    Background:

    • Circulatory assist devices aim to support heart function.
    • Pneumatically activated devices offer a potential approach for hemodynamic support.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the hemodynamic efficacy of a novel pneumatic circulatory assist device.
    • To investigate the interaction between the prosthesis and the aorta in chronic implantation.

    Main Methods:

    • A polyurethane balloon device was implanted on the descending thoracic aorta in dogs.
    • Hemodynamic parameters were measured during acute myocardial ischemia.
    • Chronic implantation studies evaluated device function and tissue response for up to 16 weeks.

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    Main Results:

    • The device reduced left ventricular systolic peak pressure by 8.2% and increased cardiac output by 13.1%.
    • Circumflex coronary artery flow increased by 17.5% in dogs with induced ischemia.
    • Chronic use led to localized medial necrosis and aortic wall compression to 70% of original thickness.

    Conclusions:

    • The pneumatic device demonstrated acute hemodynamic benefits in supporting cardiac function.
    • Chronic implantation revealed localized tissue damage at the prosthesis-aorta interface.
    • Further evaluation is needed to determine the long-term applicability of this ventricular assistance method.