Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 19, 2026
11:07
Preparation of Aligned Steel Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composite and Its Flexural Behavior
Published on: June 27, 2018
11.7K
[Cement delivery depends on cement gun performance and cement viscosity]
C Heisel1, K Schelling, M Thomsen
1Stiftung Orthopädische Universitätsklinik Heidelberg.
Zeitschrift Fur Orthopadie Und Ihre Grenzgebiete
|February 28, 2003
Summary
The Vaku-Mix cement delivery system offers the fastest application, with lower viscosity bone cements like VersaBond and Palacos also improving speed. This highlights significant differences in cement gun performance for femoral cementing.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Biomaterials Engineering
Background:
- Retrograde cement application is crucial in modern femoral cementing techniques.
- Pressurization and rapid cement delivery minimize risks like interface bleeding and blood laminations.
- Cement delivery system performance has been under-investigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the handling characteristics and performance of four distinct cement delivery systems.
- To assess the impact of cement viscosity on delivery efficiency.
Main Methods:
- Examined four cement delivery systems: Syringe, Vaku-Mix, Optivac, and MixOR-System.
- Utilized six bone cement types: Palacos R, Palamed G, CMW 1 Radiopak, CMW 2000, Simplex P, and VersaBond.
- Recorded extrusion times and maximum cement delivery speeds for all system-cement combinations.
Main Results:
- The Vaku-Mix system with its Mark III gun demonstrated the fastest cement application.
- Lower viscosity cements, specifically VersaBond and prechilled Palacos, showed significantly shorter extrusion times.
- Cement viscosity was a key factor influencing delivery speed.
Conclusions:
- Significant variations exist in the clinical efficacy of commonly used cement delivery systems and guns.
- System suppliers should focus on improving the performance of cement delivery devices.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Strength of Cement
583
Strength tests for cement are not performed directly on neat cement paste due to difficulty in obtaining consistent, reliable specimens. Instead, cement is typically tested in the form of cement-sand mortar.
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in...
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in...
583
01:22Types of Cement II
467
Portland blast-furnace cement is made by blending Portland cement clinker with granulated blast-furnace slag, which accounts for 25 to 65 percent of the cement's weight. Despite its similarities to ordinary Portland (Type I) cement in terms of fineness and setting times, its early strength is lower, though it achieves comparable strength later on. It's particularly suited for mass concrete structures and marine environments due to its lower heat of hydration and superior sulfate...
467
01:21Types of Cement I
410
Portland cement comes in several types, each with distinct properties and applications based on their chemical composition and hydration characteristics:
Type I (Ordinary Portland Cement) is widely used for general construction where special properties are not required. It has moderate sulfate resistance and heat of hydration.
Type II (Modified Cement) offers moderate resistance to sulfate attack and a lower rate of heat development compared to Type I. It is suitable for structures in...
Type I (Ordinary Portland Cement) is widely used for general construction where special properties are not required. It has moderate sulfate resistance and heat of hydration.
Type II (Modified Cement) offers moderate resistance to sulfate attack and a lower rate of heat development compared to Type I. It is suitable for structures in...
410
01:12Setting Time of Cement
746
The setting time of cement refers to the process of cement paste transitioning from a plastic state to a solid state. This process is crucial in construction as it dictates the timeframe for concrete placement, compaction, and finishing. The onset of this solidification is termed the initial set, indicating when the paste becomes unworkable. The final set is when the paste has solidified completely, and further handling or manipulation can no longer affect its shape. The cement strength is...
746
01:15Fineness of Cement
561
The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
Direct...
Direct...
561
01:18Shotcrete
553
Shotcrete is a specialized technique where mortar or small aggregate concrete rich in cement content is sprayed onto a surface at high velocity. The force of impact compacts the material and enables it to cling to vertical or overhead areas without sagging. The technique involves layering the shotcrete in stages until it reaches approximately 4 inches in thickness. Operator skill in nozzle management is pivotal in deciding the quality of the shotcrete. Shotcrete is used in constructing tunnel...
553