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Related Experiment Videos

Functional organization of peripheral vasomotor pathways.

Ian L Gibbins1, Phillip Jobling, Judy L Morris

  • 1Department of Anatomy & Histology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001 Australia.

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica
|March 1, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Autonomic pathways controlling blood vessels are organized into functional "vasomotor units." These units allow for precise, adaptable regulation of blood flow within and across different vascular beds.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The peripheral autonomic nervous system plays a crucial role in regulating vascular function.
  • Understanding the precise organization of these pathways is key to comprehending blood flow control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the functional organization of peripheral autonomic pathways that regulate the vasculature.
  • To elucidate the structural and functional principles governing vasomotor control.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on autonomic innervation of the vasculature.
  • Analysis of neuronal morphology, connectivity, and neurochemical coding in vasomotor pathways.

Main Results:

  • Final motor neurons in vasomotor pathways are smaller, suggesting specialized roles.

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  • Single neurons innervate extensive vascular regions, enabling broad control.
  • Distinct functional pools of neurons target specific vascular segments for selective control.
  • Functional pools utilize unique cotransmitter combinations and receive convergent pre-ganglionic input.
  • Excitability of vasomotor neurons can be modulated by neuropeptides and nociceptor-released substances.

    • Conclusions:

    • Autonomic pathways regulating vasculature are organized into 'vasomotor units'.
    • Each unit comprises pre-ganglionic neurons, final motor neurons, and regulated blood vessels.
    • These units form functional pools for specific, graded control of blood flow within and between vascular beds.