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In vivo bone response to porous calcium phosphate cement
R P del Real1, E Ooms, J G C Wolke
1Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A
|March 14, 2003
Summary
Creating macropores in calcium phosphate cement (CPC) significantly enhances resorption and bone replacement. Porous CPC implants show rapid bone formation and resorption, unlike nonporous implants.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthopedic Research
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is a promising biomaterial for bone regeneration.
- Standard CPCs exhibit slow resorption rates, limiting their clinical application.
- Macroporosity has been proposed to enhance CPC degradation and osseointegration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the in vivo resorption rate and bone response of macroporous calcium phosphate cement (CPC).
- To compare the performance of macroporous CPC with nonporous CPC in a bone defect model.
Main Methods:
- An in vivo study was conducted using goats with surgically created defects in the tibial metaphysis.
- Preset nonporous and macroporous CPC implants (Biocement D) were inserted into the defects.
- Histologic evaluation was performed at 2 and 10 weeks post-implantation to assess resorption and bone formation.
Main Results:
- Nonporous CPC implants showed limited bone apposition and no significant resorption at 10 weeks.
- Macroporous CPC implants demonstrated rapid bone formation within pores and on the surface.
- At 10 weeks, 81% of macroporous CPC was resorbed and replaced by new bone.
Conclusions:
- Macroporosity significantly enhances the resorption rate of calcium phosphate cement (CPC).
- Macroporous CPC promotes osteoinduction and complete bone replacement.
- Macroporous CPC is a superior material for bone regeneration applications compared to nonporous CPC.