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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in gene expression and signal transduction in microgravity.

M Hughes-Fulford1

  • 1Lab of Cell Growth, Department of Veteran's Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Fransico, CA 94121, USA. milliehf@aol.com

Journal of Gravitational Physiology : a Journal of the International Society for Gravitational Physiology
|March 18, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Spaceflight microgravity slows osteoblast cell cycle entry, impacting gene expression and potentially causing bone loss. This research investigates cellular responses to microgravity to understand spaceflight-induced bone loss mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Space Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Biomedical Research

Background:

  • Space flight causes physiological changes, including bone loss, with unknown cellular mechanisms.
  • Previous research focused on systemic changes, not cellular responses to microgravity.
  • Osteoblast cells are crucial for bone formation and remodeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate cellular and molecular responses of osteoblasts to microgravity.
  • Determine the effect of microgravity on osteoblast gene expression and cell cycle activation.
  • Understand the mechanisms underlying spaceflight-induced bone loss.

Main Methods:

  • Cultured normal osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) in microgravity (0-G) and 1-G conditions.
  • Activated osteoblasts in a serum-deprived state during spaceflight.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline Cell BiologyNASA Experiment Number 9403056Non-NASA Center

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzed changes in gene expression (mRNA induction) and signal transduction pathways.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant changes in gene expression observed in 0-G samples one day post-activation.
    • Reduced mRNA induction of immediate early growth genes (cox-2, c-myc, bcl2, TGF beta1, bFGF, PCNA) in microgravity.
    • No significant differences in reference gene mRNA expression between 0-G and 1-G controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Quiescent osteoblasts exhibit delayed cell cycle entry in microgravity.
    • Microgravity itself appears to be a significant factor contributing to bone loss during spaceflight.
    • Basic biological responses at tissue, cellular, and molecular levels occur in microgravity, impacting bone health.