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Cognitive impairment in probable multiple sclerosis.

A Achiron1, Y Barak

  • 1Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621 Israel. achiron@post.tau.ac.il

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
|March 18, 2003
PubMed
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Cognitive impairment is common in the early stages of multiple sclerosis (MS). Over half of patients with probable MS showed cognitive deficits, particularly in verbal abilities and attention, at symptom onset.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • Cognitive impairment is a recognized but often underdiagnosed aspect of MS.
  • Early detection of cognitive deficits is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and characterize cognitive impairment in patients with probable Multiple Sclerosis (MS) at the earliest diagnostic stage.
  • To determine the prevalence and nature of cognitive deficits at the onset of new neurological symptoms in MS.

Main Methods:

  • The Brief Repeatable Battery-Neuropsychological (BRB-N) was administered to assess cognitive function.
  • Abnormal performance was defined as one standard deviation below the mean of healthy controls.
  • Neurological disability and brain MRI were assessed, and correlations with cognitive performance were analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • Cognitive impairment was present in 53.7% of 67 patients evaluated within one month of symptom onset.
  • Verbal abilities and attention span were the most frequently affected cognitive domains.
  • No significant correlation was found between cognitive impairment and neurological disability or MRI-defined disease burden.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive impairment is prevalent at the onset of Multiple Sclerosis (MS).
  • These deficits occur even in the very early stages of the disease, prior to definitive diagnosis.
  • Cognitive assessment should be considered early in the management of MS patients.