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Related Experiment Videos

[Drugs and pregnancy].

Ermelando V Cosmi1, Luca Maranghi, Erich Cosmi

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Ginecologiche, Perinatologia e Puericultura, Università degli Studi La Sapienza, V.le Regina Elena 324, 00161 Roma. ermelando.cosmi@uniroma1.it

Annali Dell'Istituto Superiore Di Sanita
|March 21, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Maternal drug administration can affect fetal development through direct transfer or indirect impacts on the utero-placental environment. Long-term perinatal effects of many medications remain unclear despite ongoing research.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Obstetrics

Context:

  • The placenta is not an impenetrable barrier; many maternal drugs cross transplacentally.
  • Fetal exposure to maternal medications can occur via direct transfer or indirect effects on maternal-fetal physiology.
  • Understanding fetal drug exposure is critical due to potential impacts on fetal development.

Purpose:

  • To review the mechanisms of drug transfer across the placenta and their effects on the fetus.
  • To highlight the factors influencing fetal drug exposure and toxicity.
  • To emphasize the need for further research into the long-term perinatal outcomes of maternal drug use.

Summary:

  • Maternal drugs transfer to the fetus through direct placental transfer or by altering maternal homeostasis and utero-placental circulation.

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  • Fetal drug effects vary based on drug properties, dosage, gestational age, and fetal physiological factors like acidosis, which can trap certain drugs.
  • Research, including animal, epidemiological, and clinical studies, investigates fetal-maternal pharmacology, but long-term effects require further clarification.

    • Impact:

    • Challenges the historical notion of fetal invulnerability to maternal medications.
    • Informs clinical practice regarding medication use during pregnancy.
    • Underscores the necessity for continued research into the safety and long-term consequences of drug exposure in utero.