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Related Experiment Videos

Germ cell development in Meishan and White Composite gilts.

Susan A McCoard1, Thomas H Wise, J Joe Ford

  • 1United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA. sue.mccoard@agresearch.co.nz

Animal Reproduction Science
|March 26, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Meishan (MS) gilts show enhanced ovarian development and earlier puberty onset compared to White Composite (WC) gilts. This involves greater follicle pools and faster maturation, preparing them for earlier ovulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Comparative Animal Physiology

Background:

  • Swine breeds exhibit variations in prolificacy, influencing reproductive potential.
  • Understanding germ cell dynamics is crucial for reproductive efficiency in livestock.
  • Ovarian development patterns differ between breeds with varying reproductive traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare germ cell population dynamics in White Composite (WC) and Meishan (MS) swine breeds.
  • To investigate breed-specific differences in ovarian development during fetal and neonatal life.
  • To correlate germ cell numbers with ovulation rates in different swine breeds.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of germ cell populations in WC and MS swine.
  • Examination of ovaries during fetal (90 days postcoitum), neonatal (25 and 56 days postpartum), and mature stages.

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  • Quantification of germ cells, primordial, primary, secondary, and antral follicles.

    • Main Results:

    • Germ cell development followed similar patterns in both breeds during fetal life, peaking at 90 days postcoitum.
    • Postnatal MS gilts displayed larger primordial follicle pools and increased proportions of primary and secondary follicles compared to WC gilts.
    • MS ovaries showed advanced maturation with antral follicles by 25 days postpartum and surface follicles by 56 days postpartum, unlike WC ovaries.

    Conclusions:

    • Meishan gilts exhibit enhanced follicular recruitment and activation, leading to accelerated ovarian maturation and earlier onset of puberty.
    • Germ cell number does not appear to correlate with or predict subsequent ovulation rate in these swine breeds.
    • Key developmental events in late fetal and early postnatal life prepare the MS gilt ovary for early puberty and ovulation.