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Distant metastases in ovarian carcinoma
G Cormio1, C Rossi, A Cazzolla
1Gynecologic Oncology Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy. n.cormio@gynecology2.uniba.it
Summary
Distant metastases in ovarian cancer are a late complication, affecting about one-third of patients. The interval between ovarian cancer diagnosis and metastasis is a key factor for survival prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Distant metastases are uncommon in ovarian carcinoma at diagnosis or during treatment.
- Understanding the incidence and prognostic factors of stage IV disease is crucial for patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of distant metastases in ovarian cancer.
- To identify prognostic factors for survival in patients with distant metastatic disease.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of 162 epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients (1991-2000).
- Collected data included clinical information, pathology, treatment, and survival following metastasis diagnosis.
- Statistical analysis included chi-square tests, logistic regression, and survival analysis.
Main Results:
- 50 patients (31%) developed distant metastases; 13% at diagnosis, 22% at recurrence/progression.
- Common metastatic sites included liver, pleura, and lungs.
- Significant risk factors for metastasis were advanced stage, high grade, and lymph node involvement.
Conclusions:
- Distant metastasis in ovarian cancer is a late complication with a poor prognosis.
- The interval between ovarian cancer diagnosis and the documentation of distant metastases is the most significant prognostic factor for survival.