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Ageing does not influence the sleep-related decrease in the hypercapnic ventilatory response.

H A K Browne1, L Adams, A K Simonds

  • 1National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, Charing Cross Campus, London, UK.

The European Respiratory Journal
|March 29, 2003
PubMed
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Aging does not alter the sleep-related decrease in hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR). This finding suggests age-related changes in HCVR are unlikely to cause central sleep apnea in older adults.

Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • A sleep-related reduction in ventilatory chemoreflex loop gain occurs in young individuals, but not the elderly.
  • A higher loop gain in the elderly may contribute to periodic breathing and central sleep apnea.
  • Investigating age-related changes in ventilatory control during sleep is crucial for understanding sleep disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if aging reduces the sleep-related decrease in hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR).
  • To determine if age-related alterations in HCVR contribute to central sleep apnea prevalence in the elderly.

Main Methods:

  • Measured HCVR using a steady-state method in awake and asleep elderly (66-81 yrs) and young (23-35 yrs) nonapneic individuals.
  • Maintained upper airway resistance near wakefulness levels using continuous positive airway pressure during sleep.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared the magnitude of sleep-related decrease in HCVR between the two age groups.

    • Main Results:

    • The sleep-related decrease in HCVR was similar in both elderly and young groups.
    • Elderly: wake 0.14 ± 0.06, sleep 0.06 ± 0.02 L·min⁻¹·kPa⁻¹.
    • Young: wake 0.19 ± 0.07, sleep 0.10 ± 0.04 L·min⁻¹·kPa⁻¹.

    Conclusions:

    • Aging itself does not change the magnitude of the sleep-related decrease in hypercapnic ventilatory response.
    • Age-related changes in HCVR are unlikely to be a primary factor in the increased prevalence of central sleep apnea in the elderly.