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Pyothorax-associated T-cell lymphoma: a case report.

Toshihiko Hashizume1, Katsuyuki Aozasa, Yasuhiko Tomita

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Yokohama Sakaekyosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan. toshi@yk9.so-net.ne.jp

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology
|April 4, 2003
PubMed
Summary

This study reports a rare case of pyothorax-associated T-cell lymphoma without Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) detection. The findings highlight a distinct subtype of lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Infectious Disease

Background:

  • Pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL) is a rare malignancy typically associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
  • Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

Observation:

  • An 80-year-old male presented with chest pain and a mass in the pyothorax wall.
  • Biopsy revealed atypical lymphocytes with immunohistochemical markers consistent with PTCL (CD3+, CD8+, CD45RO+).
  • In situ hybridization and PCR confirmed the absence of EBV and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) in tumor cells.

Findings:

  • The case was diagnosed as PTCL not otherwise specified, lacking EBV association, a deviation from typical PAL.
  • Radiation therapy achieved significant tumor reduction (90%).

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  • The patient developed unexplained visual and hearing disturbances, progressing to a fatal outcome from pneumonia.

    • Implications:

    • This case expands the understanding of PAL, demonstrating EBV-negative variants of PTCL.
    • The etiology of neurological complications requires further investigation.
    • Highlights the importance of considering diverse etiologies in lymphomas associated with chronic inflammatory conditions.