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Updated: Sep 26, 2026

LPS and ATP-induced Death of PMA-differentiated THP-1 Macrophages and its Validation
Published on: May 3, 2024
Phospholipid chlorohydrins cause ATP depletion and toxicity in human myeloid cells
Gary Dever1, Laura-Jayne Stewart, Andrew R Pitt
1Department of Bioscience, University of Strathclyde, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK.
Abstract:
Chlorohydrins of stearoyl-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine (SOPC), stearoyl-linoleoyl phosphatidylcholine, and stearoyl-arachidonyl phosphatidylcholine were incubated with cultured myeloid cells (HL60) for 24 h, and the cellular ATP level was measured using a bioluminescent assay. The chlorohydrins caused significant depletion of cellular ATP in the range 10-100 microM. The ATP depletion by the phospholipid chlorohydrins was slightly less than that of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, but greater than that of hexanal, trans-2-nonenal, and autoxidised palmitoyl-arachidonoyl phosphatidylcholine. SOPC chlorohydrin was also found to cause loss of viability in U937 cells, and thus phospholipid chlorohydrins could contribute to the formation of a necrotic core in advanced atherosclerotic lesions.
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