Effects of omega-3 fatty acids in rat allogenic small intestinal transplantation

The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on the recipient and graft immune response after rat allogenic small intestinal transplantation. Seven-week-old Lewis rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups according to the diet received: an FO group (fish oil supplemented), an SB group (soy bean oil supplemented) or a control group (normal rat chow). The recipient Lewis rats were each given their respective group diet for 12 days, and then, on the 19th day of gestation, a 2 cm jejunum from the donor fetal Fischer rat was transplanted into the abdominal wall of the recipient rats using a non-vascular anastomotic technique. The recipient rats were killed on day 2 after transplantation, and the recipient plasma IL-2, IFN-gamma and IL-1 beta levels were determined. In addition, the histological findings of the graft were analyzed. The cytokine levels of the FO group were significantly lower than the other two groups. In order to determine the grade of rejection, the morphological findings were blindly graded on a scale of 0-4. The mean grade of the FO group was also significantly lower than the other two groups. Omega-3 fatty acids are therefore considered to have an immunosuppressive effect on rat allogenic small intestinal transplantation based on the recipient plasma IL-1 beta, TNF and IL-2 levels and the histological findings of the grafts.