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Ring dark solitons and vortex necklaces in Bose-Einstein condensates.
G Theocharis1, D J Frantzeskakis, P G Kevrekidis
1Department of Physics, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos, Athens 15784, Greece.
Physical Review Letters
|April 12, 2003
Summary
Ring dark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates are introduced. Deeper rings split into vortex pairs, exhibiting oscillations, while shallow rings resist instability.
Area of Science:
- Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
- Condensed Matter Physics
Background:
- Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) support various soliton solutions.
- Understanding the stability and dynamics of extended soliton structures is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce and investigate the behavior of ring dark solitons in BECs.
- To determine the conditions under which ring dark solitons are stable or unstable.
Main Methods:
- Theoretical analysis of dark soliton solutions in a 2D or 3D Bose-Einstein condensate.
- Numerical simulations to observe the evolution and stability of ring dark solitons.
Main Results:
- Shallow ring dark solitons are found to be stable against snake instability.
- Deeper ring dark solitons undergo a transition, splitting into a cluster of vortex pairs.
- The resulting vortex cluster exhibits coupled radial and azimuthal oscillations.
Conclusions:
- Ring dark solitons present a novel stable or dynamically rich structure in BECs.
- The stability is dependent on the ring's depth, with a critical depth for instability.
- The dynamics of the split vortex cluster provide insights into collective excitations in superfluids.