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A tissue engineered heart valve implanted in a juvenile sheep model.

Pascal M Dohmen1, Shigeyuki Ozaki, Robert Nitsch

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Charit , Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany. pascal.dohmen@charite.de

Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research
|April 24, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Tissue-engineered (TE) heart valves seeded with autologous vascular endothelial cells (AVEC) showed excellent durability and cell integration in sheep models. Explanted valves demonstrated no calcification and maintained low pressure gradients, indicating TE valve viability.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Tissue-engineered (TE) heart valves aim to enhance the longevity of traditional tissue valves.
  • This study investigates the morphological and histological characteristics of TE heart valves composed of decellularized porcine matrices seeded with autologous vascular endothelial cells (AVEC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the morphological and histological changes in TE heart valves implanted in a sheep model.
  • To assess the durability and biocompatibility of TE heart valves over time.

Main Methods:

  • TE valves were implanted into the right ventricular outflow tract of eight juvenile sheep.
  • Valves were explanted at 7 days, 3 months, and 6 months for evaluation using visual inspection, pressure measurements, X-ray, and various microscopy techniques (light, scanning, transmission electron microscopy).

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  • Calcium content was quantified using atomic absorption spectrometry.

    • Main Results:

    • All animals recovered quickly with no complications post-implantation.
    • Mean TE valve pressure gradients remained low (1.5+/-0.5 mm Hg) at 3 and 6 months.
    • Microscopy confirmed a monolayer of AVEC on valve surfaces, with fibroblast ingrowth into the matrix over time. No cusp calcification was detected.

    Conclusions:

    • Explanted TE heart valves exhibited AVEC on the inner surface and increasing fibroblast infiltration into the decellularized matrix.
    • The study demonstrates the viability and low calcification potential of these novel TE heart valves in a large animal model.