Interactions between the gingiva and the margin of restorations

An adequate understanding of the relationship between periodontal tissues and restorative dentistry is paramount to ensure adequate form, function, esthetics, and comfort of the dentition. While most clinicians are aware of this important relationship, uncertainty remains regarding specific concepts such as the biologic width and indications and applications for surgical crown lengthening. This review discusses the concept of the biologic width and its relationship to periodontal health and restorative dentistry. The importance of restorative margin location, materials, and contours related to periodontal health is also addressed. The rationale and indications for surgical crown lengthening are elaborated. Particular surgical principles of crown lengthening are examined in detail.