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Potential of Using an Implant Fixture as a Ridge Expander for Minor Ridge Augmentation: An Ex Vivo Randomized

Junying Li1,2, Zhaozhao Chen1,2, Gustavo Mendonça3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

The Journal of Oral Implantology
|July 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Using an implant fixture as a ridge expander in underprepared osteotomies can expand bone ridges by an average of 0.85 mm. This technique may offer a minimally invasive approach for dental implant placement in narrow ridges.

Keywords:
bone densitydental implantsosteotomyridge expansion

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Implantology
  • Oral Surgery
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • Minimally invasive dental implant placement is a key goal for patients and clinicians.
  • Narrow bone ridges present a challenge for standard implant procedures.
  • The use of implant fixtures as active tools for bone modification is an area of interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the potential of using a dental implant fixture as a ridge expander.
  • To evaluate bone ridge expansion in underprepared osteotomies using implant fixtures.
  • To assess the impact on buccal plate thickness during ridge expansion with implant fixtures.

Main Methods:

  • Human cadaver jaws (n=12) with narrow ridges (4-6 mm) and type 3 or 4 bone density were used.
  • Osteotomies were prepared either to standard width (non-ridge expansion group) or underprepared width (ridge expansion group).
  • A tapered implant was inserted, and ridge width and buccal plate thickness were measured before and after implant placement.

Main Results:

  • The ridge expansion group demonstrated a statistically significant average ridge expansion of 0.85 mm (P < .01).
  • No significant ridge width gain was observed in the non-ridge expansion control group.
  • The ridge expansion technique resulted in a statistically greater buccal plate thickness compared to the control group (P < .001).

Conclusions:

  • It is physically possible to expand narrow bone ridges by an average of 0.85 mm using implant fixtures in underprepared osteotomies.
  • This method effectively utilizes the implant as a ridge expander in type 3 or 4 bone.
  • Further research is needed to establish the physiological consequences and clinical efficacy in living patients.