Six patterns of drug-drug interactions

The literature on pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions usually focuses on various interactions relating to the cytochrome p450 system, phase II glucuronidation, and P-glycoprotein function. However, there has been relatively little examination of how the modes or patterns that govern these interactions can be systematically characterized to better anticipate drug-drug interactions in clinical practice. This article details a schema of six core patterns of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction relating to processes of induction and inhibition and the action of substrates. Case examples illustrating each pattern are provided.