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Treatment responsiveness of the Self-Esteem And Relationship questionnaire in erectile dysfunction
Stanley E Althof1, Joseph C Cappelleri, Arkady Shpilsky
1Case Western Reserve University, Beachwood, Ohio 44122, USA.
Objectives:
To determine the treatment responsiveness of the disease-specific Self-Esteem And Relationship (SEAR) questionnaire in erectile dysfunction.
Methods:
The SEAR questionnaire was administered at baseline and at the end of the study in 93 patients with erectile dysfunction enrolled in a 10-week, open-label, flexible-dose (50-mg sildenafil, adjustable to 25 mg or 100 mg) trial. Changes from the baseline score were analyzed using the paired t test. The correlation between the changes from baseline on the SEAR questionnaire and the Erectile Function domain of the International Index of Erectile Function was examined.
Results:
Significant and meaningful differences (P = 0.0001) from baseline were observed in the two primary domains (Sexual Relationship and Confidence) and the two Confidence domain subscales (Self-Esteem and Overall Relationship). The magnitude of the change was quite high for most aspects (Sexual Relationship, effect size [ES] = 1.6; Confidence, ES = 1.0; Self-Esteem, ES = 1.1) and moderate for one (Overall Relationship, ES = 0.6). Changes in Erectile Function domain score correlated moderately with changes in the SEAR domain and subscale scores (Sexual Relationship, r = 0.69; Confidence, r = 0.48; Self-Esteem, r = 0.47; and Overall Relationship, r = 0.35; P
Conclusions:
The SEAR questionnaire is responsive to effective treatment of erectile dysfunction. These data suggest that the SEAR questionnaire is a valid instrument for detecting psychosocial gains from beneficial intervention.